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发布时间: 2016年09月28日

职称英语考试综合类句型语序技巧(6)_职称英语网校

当主句的谓语动词是think, believe, guess, expect, imagine, suppose等时,如果宾语从句是否定结构,通常把主句谓语动词改为否定式,而将宾语从句改为肯定式,这种现象叫做“否定转移”。

I don’t think we two have met before.

We don’t believe that he could finish his work in such a short time.

She doesn’t think it is right for John to come late to school.

三、表语从句 (The Predicative Clause):通常置于主句的系动词之后,说明主句主语的情况。

My idea is that we should help her do housework every Sunday.

Is that why you had a few days off?

It is because I have never heard of the story.

四、同位语从句 (The Appositive Clause):常置于某些名词之后,对其内容作解释或补充说明。如:

advice, demand, doubt, fact, hope, idea, news, order, problem, promise, question, request, suggestion, truth, wish, word等。

The news that we won the game is exciting.

There is no doubt that he is the best player in their country.

同位语从句与定语从句的区别:

同位语从句对所修饰词作补充说明,而定语从句对前面名词起限定作用;

that在同位语从句中只起引导作用,无词义,无语法成分,而在定语从句中指代所修饰词并在从句中作主语或宾语。

比较:The idea that one can do the work without thinking is wrong. (同位语从句)

The idea that you put forward at the meeting is wrong. (定语从句)

c. 状语从句(Adverbial Clause)

状语从句在复合句中作状语,修饰主句中的谓语动词、副词、形容词或整个句子。根据句子的含义,它可表时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、行为方式、比较、让步等。状语从句通常由一个连词引起,有时由一个起连词作用的词组引起。

一.时间状语从句

I) when,while和as

He entered the room when (while, as) the meeting was going on.

when 通常指一时的动作或状态,可表示从句动作与主句动作同时发生,或先于主句动作;while常用来引导两个同时进行的持续时间较长的动作;as常用来引导两个动作紧接着发生,强调“同一时间”或“一前一后”。

When I meet the right chance, I will try my best.

While the teacher explained the text, the students listened attentively and took notes

He sang songs as he was taking a bath.

As spring warms the earth, all flowers begin to bloom.

注:when有时作并列连词意为“正在这时”、“突然”,在句末,不能位于句首。从句的谓语动词常用一般过去时,主句通常用过去进行时、过去完成时或be about to结构等。

She was about to leave when Mark arrived so she stayed a little longer.

He had been walking under the trees when an apple fell down.

Ⅱ) as soon as, hardly (scarcely, barely) … when… , no sooner …than… 等引导的时间状语从句,意为“ 一… 就 …”

Jack had scarcely /hardly seen me when he left the room.

The spy had no sooner returned home than he was told to go to another country.

那个间谍一踏进国门就奉命要去他国。

注: 在no sooner … than, hardly … when …引导的时间状语从句中,若把no sooner, hardly, scarcely, barely 放在句首,则要用倒装结构。

No sooner had he heard the news than he fainted.

Scarcely had he entered the room when the telephone rang.


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