2016年托福考试词汇语法练习题（4）

　　1. This is why glass shatters so easily when dealt a blow, why glass deteriorates over time, especially when exposed to moisture, and why glassware must be slowly reheated and uniformly cooled after manufacture to release internal stresses induced by uneven cooling.

　　The words "exposed to" in line 19 are closest in meaning to

　　(A) hardened by

　　(B) chilled with

　　(C) subjected to

　　(D) deprived of

　　2. This is why glass shatters so easily when dealt a blow, why glass deteriorates over time, especially when exposed to moisture, and why glassware must be slowly reheated and uniformly cooled after manufacture to release internal stresses induced by uneven cooling.

　　The word "induced" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) joined

　　(B) missed

　　(C) caused

　　(D) lost

　　3. The best-known specimens are the remarkable tracks discovered at Lactoli, Tanzania, by Mary Leakey.

　　The word "remarkable" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) extraordinary

　　(B) enormous

　　(C) various

　　(D) orderly

　　4. The pressures exerted along the foot, together with the length of stride, which averaged 87 centimeters, indicated that the hominids had been walking slowly. In short, all the detectable morphological features implied that the feet that left the footprints were very little different from those of contemporary humans.

　　The word "exerted" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) influenced

　　(B) applied

　　(C) returned

　　(D) lessened

　　5. The study of fossil footprints is not restricted to examples from such remote periods. Hundreds of prints are known, for example, in French caves dating from the end of the last ice age, approximately 10, 000 years ago.

　　The word "restricted" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) limited

　　(B) improved

　　(C) continued

　　(D) succeeded

　　6. The livelihood of each species in the vast and intricate assemblage of living things depends on the existence of other organisms.

　　The word "intricate" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) difficult

　　(B) widespread

　　(C) critical

　　(D) complex

　　7. A multitude of microorganisms (including viruses and bacteria) and an army of invertebrates ---

　　The expression "an army" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) an illness

　　(B) an attack

　　(C) a large number

　　(D) a distinct type

　　8. Members of the animal kingdom have developed a variety of defense mechanisms for dealing with parasites. Although these mechanisms vary considerably, all major groups of animals are capable of detecting and reacting to the presence of "foreign" cells.

　　The word "vary" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) differ

　　(B) endure

　　(C) balance

　　(D) contribute

　　9. Unimprovised, completely structured jazz does exist, but the ability of the best jazz musicians to create music of great cohesion and beauty during a performance has been a hallmark of the music and its major source of inspiration and change.

　　The word "cohesion" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) sorrow

　　(B) fame

　　(C) unity

　　(D) vibration

　　10. The second distinguishing characteristic of jazz is a rhythmic drive that was initially called "hot" and later "swing."

　　The word "initially" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) at first

　　(B) shortly

　　(C) alphabetically

　　(D) in fact

　　参考答案：

　　1 C

　　2 C

　　3 A

　　4 B

　　5 A

　　6 D

　　7 C

　　8 A

　　9 C

　　10 A

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