发布时间： 2017年08月03日
Section B
Passage One
There are many commonly held beliefs about eye glasses and eyesight that are not proven facts. For instance, some people believe that wearing glasses too soon weakens the eyes. But there is no evidence to show that the structure of eyes is changed by wearing glasses at a young age. Wearing the wrong glasses, however, can prove harmful. Studies show that for adults there is no danger, but children can develop loss of vision if they have glasses inappropriate for their eyes.
We have all heard some of the common myths about how eyesight gets bad. Most people believe that reading in dim light causes poor eyesight, but that is untrue. Too little light makes the eyes work harder, so they do get tired and strained. Eyestrain also results from reading a lot, reading in bed, and watching too much television. However, although eyestrain may cause some pain or headaches, it does not permanently damage eyesight.
Another myth about eyes is that they can be replaced, or transferred from one person to another. There are close to one million nerve fibres that connect the eyeball to the brain, as of yet it is impossible to attach them all in a new person. Only certain parts of the eye can be replaced. But if we keep clearing up the myths and learning more about the eyes, some day a full transplant may be possible.
篇章类型及提要：论证文
听力点睛：
本文主要介绍关于纠正一些对眼镜及视力的常识的错误认识。注意文章首句"There are many commonly held beliefs about eye glasses and eyesight that are not proven facts." 通常这种文章首句就是主旨句。这是做听力短文题必须要高度关注的。接下去可以推测下面内容必然围绕主题句展开，通过举例等来论证作者要表明的观点。所以听的时候也要高度专注那些关键词句，如for instance, however, but, evidence, although, Studies show that...这些关键词句后面的内容是听力常考的地方。最后文章给出一个总结句呼吁人们破除固有的一些认识，去更多了解我们的眼睛，头尾呼应。
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. What does the speaker want to tell us about eyesight?
答案：C）There are many false notions about it.
27. What do studies about wearing the wrong glasses show?
答案：C）It can lead to the loss of vision in children.
28.What do we learn about eye transplanting from the talk?
答案：D）It can only be partly accomplished now.
Passage Two
When people care for an elderly relative, they often do not use available community services such as adult daycare centers. If the caregivers are adult children, they are more likely to use such services, especially because they often have jobs and other responsibilities. In contrast, a spouse usually the wife, is much less likely to use support services or to put the dependent person in a nursing home. Social workers discover that the wife normally tries to take care of her husband herself for as long as she can in order not to use up their life savings. Researchers have found that caring for the elderly can be a very positive experience. The elderly appreciated the care and attention they received. They were affectionate and cooperative. However, even when caregiving is satisfying, it is hard work. Social workers and experts on aging offer caregivers and potential caregivers help when arranging for the care of an elderly relative. One consideration is to ask parents what they want before they become sick or dependent. Perhaps they prefer going into a nursing home and can select one in advance. On the other hand, they may want to live with their adult children. Caregivers must also learn to state their needs and opinions clearly and ask for help from others especially brothers and sisters. Brothers and sisters are often willing to help, but they may not know what to do
Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
29. Why are adult children more likely to use community services to help care for elderly parents?
答案：D）They have jobs and other commitments.
30. Why are most wives unwilling to put their dependent husbands into nursing homes?
答案：A) They don't want to use up all their life savings.
31. According to the passage, what must caregivers learn to do?
答案：C）Be frank and seek help from others.
Passage Three
Since a union representative visited our company to inform us about our rights and protections. My coworkers have been worrying about health conditions and complaining about safety hazards in the workplace. Several of the employees in the computer department, for example, claim to be developing vision problems from having to stare at a video display terminal for about 7 hours a day. The supervisor of the laboratory is beginning to get headaches and dizzy spells because she says it’s dangerous to breathe some of the chemical smoke there. An X-rays technician is refusing to do her job until the firm agrees to replace its out-dated equipment. She insists that it’s exposing workers to unnecessarily high doses of radiation. She thinks that she may have to contact the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and asked that government agency to inspect the department. I’ve heard that at a factory in the area two pregnant women who were working with paint requested a transfer to a safer department, because they wanted to prevent damage to their unborn babies. The supervisor of personnel refused the request. In another firm the workers were constantly complaining about the malfunctioning heating system, but the owners was too busy or too mean to do anything about it. Finally, they all met an agree to wear ski-clothing to work the next day. The owner was too embarrassed to talk to his employees. But he had the heating system replaced right away.
Questions 32- 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
32 What does the talk focus on?
A) Health and safety conditions in workplace.
33 What did the X-ray technician ask her company to do?
Replace its out-dated equipments.
34 What does the speaker say about the two pregnant women working with paint?
A) They requested to transfer to a safer department.
35 Why did the workers in the firm wear ski-clothing to work?
C）To protest against the poor working conditions.
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