英语四六级零基础课程网络推荐平台

2022年12月英语四级语法精讲：非谓语动词

非谓语动词常考的其它结构

(1)疑问词 不定式结构

疑问词who，what，which，when，where和how后加不定式可构成一种特殊的不定式短语。它在句中可以用作主语、宾语、表语和双重宾语。

When to start has not been decided.何时动身尚未决定。(主语)

I don't know what to do.我不知道该怎么办。(宾语)

The difficulty was how to cross the river.困难在于如何过河。(表语)

I can tell you where to get this book.我可以告诉你哪里可以买到此书。(双重宾语)

(2)不带to的不定式

1)在表示生理感觉的动词后的不定式不带to。

这类词有： feel 觉得 observe 注意到，看到 overhear听到 watch注视 listen to听 perceive察觉，感知 notice注意 see看见 look at看 hear听

On seeing the young child fell into the lake，Eric sprang to his feet，and went on the rescue.

2)另一类是某些使役动词，如make, let，have等。

Let him do it.让他做吧。

I would have you know that I am ill.我想让你知道我病了。

①上述感觉动词与使役动词转换为被动结构时.其后的不定式一般需带to，

He was seen to come. The boy was made to go to bed early.

3)在do nothing/anything/everything but(except)结构中。

例如：Last night I did nothing but watch TV.昨天晚上，我除了看电视别的什么也没有干。

但是，如果谓语动词不是“do nothing，anything，everything”，那么but(except)所跟的不定式则仍须带。

The doctor told him nothing but to stop smoking.医生除了让他戒烟，其它什么都没有说。

There was nothing for them to do but to remain silent.除了保持沉默以外，他们没有别的办法。